In Tunisia, free courses of instruction in Tunisian Arabic are organised during the summer holidays for the children of Tunisian residents abroad, who are heavily influenced by the culture of the countries in which they live. Tunisia is the only country in the Arab-speaking world to organize the model search which has launched the careers of Cindy Crawford and Gisele Bündchen. Tunisian culture is a product of more than three thousand years of history and an important multi-ethnic influx. Of course, most of the 197 billionaires in question are very likely to stay alive throughout the next year; according to Forbes, this group is 67 years old on average. Growing foreign debt and the foreign exchange crisis in the mid-1980s led the government to launch a structural adjustment program to liberalize prices, reduce tariffs, and reorient Tunisia toward a market economy in 1986. Yemen. Elyas M'Barek (Germany), Adel Tawil (Germany), Amel Karboul (Germany), Michel Boujenah (France), Tarak Ben Ammar (France), Lââm (France), Nolwenn Leroy (France), Yoann Touzghar (France), Isleym (France), Following the overthrow of Ben Ali, Tunisians elected a Constituent Assembly to draft a new constitution and an interim government known as the Troika because it was a coalition of three parties; the Islamist Ennahda Movement in the lead, with the centre-left Congress for the Republic and the left-leaning Ettakatol as minority partners. Beyond the political changes, which lead to Tunisia becoming a recognised democracy in 2014,[39] those events also brought important changes to the post-2011 Tunisian culture. [84], In over a century of existence, Tunisian theatre hosted or gave birth to big names, such as Sarah Bernhardt, Pauline Carton, Gérard Philipe and Jean Marais to mention a few. Independence from France was achieved on March 20, 1956. In April 2002, Tunisia's first US dollar-denominated sovereign bond issue since 1997 raised $458 million, with maturity in 2012. [54] The crescent and star might also recall the Ottoman flag as an indication of Tunisia's history as a part of the Ottoman Empire. Noura Borsali, « Le mois du patrimoine. [42] There is also a small purely Berber (1% at most)[43] population located in some villages in the south east, with little community under 5000 peoples, From the late 19th century to after World War II, Tunisia was home to large populations of French and Italians (255,000 Europeans in 1956),[44] although nearly all of them, along with the Jewish population, left after Tunisia became independent. Since the 90s, Tunisia became an attractive place for filming and numerous companies emerged, serving the foreign film industry and became successful. [60], Furthermore, jasmine is the subject of a specific sign language. Tunisia's population was estimated to be around 11.6 million in mid-2019. Tunisia's currency, the dinar, is not traded outside Tunisia. [97] In France, their percentage is estimated at 38.2%. In 1990, Tunisia acceded to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and is a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). [29] However, the Ben Ali regime came to an end 23 years later on January 14, 2011, in the events of the Tunisian Revolution, following nationwide demonstrations precipitated by high unemployment, food inflation, corruption,[30][31] a lack of political freedoms like freedom of speech[32] and poor living conditions. Women represent nearly 26% of the total community. However, in the areas between the ports of Bizerte and Ghar El Melh, settlements founded by the Moors fleeing Andalusia were reconquered by Catholic sovereigns and has more of a Christian influence. 2). The U.S. Government would provide this loan guarantee to enable the Tunisian government to access significant market financing at affordable rates and favorable maturities with the backing of a U.S. guarantee of principal and interest (up to 100 percent). Billionaires' Ball: ... Cambodia, and Nigeria, and even in many Middle Eastern countries, such as Egypt and Tunisia, where excessive inequality is widely believed to have played a role in sparking the Arab spring uprisings of 2009¬±2010. List of countries by the number of billionaires - Wikipedia But, we do have a large amount of millionaires (but only in the African/Maghreb context), I don’t have official numbers but from what I’ve seen from some unconfirmed sources the number is a … Imported by the Andalusians in the sixteenth century, jasmine has become the national flower of Tunisia. This consensus will allow for further reform in the economy and public sector. According to Wikipedia, Tunisia has no billionaires. This unique mixture of cultures made Tunisia, with its strategic geographical location in the Mediterranean, the core of some great civilizations of Mare Nostrum. Tunisia's economic growth historically has depended on oil, phosphates, agri-food products, car parts manufacturing, and tourism. Young Tunisians (less than 16 years of age) represent 25% of the Tunisian community abroad. The support would consist of the U.S. guarantee of Tunisian government-issued debt (or of bank loans made to the Government of Tunisia). Despite its relatively small size that is about the size of the US state of Wisconsin, Tunisia's north-south extent lends it great environmental diversity. ATMs are found in almost all medium-sized towns, and certainly in all the tourist areas. Among the major Tunisian contemporary artists include Hedi Habbouba, Saber Rebaï, Dhafer Youssef, Belgacem Bouguenna, Sonia M'barek and Latifa. Sonia Mabrouk, « Les Tunisiens dans le monde », https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tunisian_people&oldid=1016853232, Tunisian people by ethnic or national origin, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Articles with dead external links from January 2017, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing Tunisian Arabic-language text, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 9 April 2021, at 12:22. Tunisia is a North African country with a total area of 163,610 sq. The year 2015 was marked by terrorist attacks in Tunisia which are likely to affect economic growth, especially in tourism, one of the main sectors. [41] Nonetheless, by 1870 the distinction between the Tunisian Arabic-speaking mass and the Turkish elite had blurred. This heritage can be experienced first-hand in: museums such as the Bardo Museum, the contrast and diversity of city architecture such as Sidi Bou Said or the medina of Tunis, cuisine such as cheeses and French croissants, music reflecting Andalusian and Ottoman influences, literature, cinema, religion, the arts, and sports and other areas of Tunisian culture. Numerous civilizations and peoples have invaded, migrated to, or have been assimilated into the population over the millennia, with influences of population from Phoenicians/Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Greeks, Arabs, Normans, Italians, Spaniards, Ottoman Turks/Janissaries and French. Deriving from the reign of the Aghlabids in the 15th century, it is a particular type of Andalusian music. Unemployment continued to plague Tunisia's economy and was aggravated by a rapidly growing work force. [85] On November 7, 1962, Habib Bourguiba, whose brother is a playwright, devoted his speech to this art,[86] which he considers "a powerful means of disseminating culture and a most effective means of popular education". We are all aware of how luck and lotteries can and have influenced many of us just by buying those lottery tickets that contain our lucky numbers. Although the program is supported by the GATT, the government had to move carefully to avoid mass firings. Officially, 15.2% of the Tunisian work force is unemployed. However, unemployment is still one of the major issues with 15.2% of the labor force unemployed as of the first quarter of 2014. Prudent economic and fiscal planning have resulted in moderate but sustained growth for over a decade. The influential role of the various dynasties that ruled the country, particularly in building cities and princes of Raqqada Mahdia, illuminates the role of the geopolitical context in the architectural history of the country. Zribi, I., Boujelbane, R., Masmoudi, A., Ellouze, M., Belguith, L., & Habash, N. (2014). Tunisian people, or Tunisians (Arabic: تونسيون ‎ Tūnisiyyūn, Tunisian Arabic: توانسة ‎ Twensa), are a Maghrebi ethnic group and nation native to Northern Africa, who speak Tunisian (Derja) and share a common Tunisian culture and identity.In addition, a Tunisian diaspora has been established with modern migration, particularly in Western Europe, namely France, Italy and Germany. [31], Deauville Partnership with Arab Countries in Transition, "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019", "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019", "Middle East and North Africa Economic Update, April 2020 : How Transparency Can Help the Middle East and North Africa", "Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) - Tunisia", "Poverty headcount ratio at $5.50 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) - Tunisia", "Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)", "Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (national estimate) - Tunisia", "Rankings by Country of Average Monthly Net Salary (After Tax) (Salaries And Financing)", "How Fitch, Moody's and S&P rate each country's credit rating", "Tunisia Economy, Politics and GDP Growth Summary - The Economist Intelligence Unit", "Tunisia's tourism grappling with job losses", https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2019/05/28/a-tunis-les-chiffonniers-sortent-de-l-ombre_5468739_3212.html, "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects", "Hoping to preserve democracy, Tunisia woos foreign investors", "Treasury Secretary Geithner and Tunisian Finance Minister Dimassi Sign Declaration to Work Toward U.S. Loan Guarantee for Tunisia", Historic Growth Trend of Tunisia’s Economy, 1962 – 2007, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Tunisia&oldid=1002594398, World Trade Organization member economies, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Tunisian Arabic-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, clothing, semi-finished goods and textiles, agricultural products, mechanical goods, phosphates and chemicals, hydrocarbons, electrical equipment, textiles, machinery and equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals, foodstuffs, This page was last edited on 25 January 2021, at 04:37. In 1948 the Jewish population was an estimated 105,000, but by 2013 only about 900 remained. 60 Subject 2 - Table NO.24", Population résidante permanente étrangère selon la nationalité (Office fédéral de la statistique), "Nawaat – Interview avec l' Association Tunisienne de Culture Amazighe", "An outline of the Shilha (Berber) vernacular of Douiret (Southern Tunisia)", "Tunisian Amazigh and the Fight for Recognition – Tunisialive", "Tunisia riots: Reform or be overthrown, US tells Arab states amid fresh riots", "Thousands protest before Tunisia crisis talks", "Tunisia assembly passes new constitution", "Tunisie : les législatives fixées au 26 octobre et la présidentielle au 23 novembre", "The Nobel Peace Prize 2015 - Press Release", "Phylogeographic Analysis of Haplogroup E3b (E-M215) Y Chromosomes Reveals Multiple Migratory Events Within and Out Of Africa", The X chromosome Alu insertions as a tool for human population genetics: data from European and African human groups, "X-chromosome SNP analyses in 11 human Mediterranean populations show a high overall genetic homogeneity except in North-west Africans (Moroccans)", "Mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome microstructure in Tunisia", "Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape", "L'iconographie du timbre-poste tunisien pendant et après la période coloniale", "La langue française dans le monde, Édition 2014". This is because the government has supported a successful family planning program that has reduced the population growth rate to just over 1% per annum, contributing to Tunisia's economic and social stability. In Proceedings of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC), Reykjavik, Iceland. The portion of the diaspora who are over 60 years old is around 7%. Tunisia's economic reform program was lauded as a model by international financial institutions. The Bourse de Tunis is under the control of the state-run Financial Market Council and lists over 50 companies. It's not that tunisia does'nt have an advanced private sector but the private sector and large firms ( Groupe Elloumi, Groupe Mabrouk , Groupe Loukil , Groupe Hamrouni , Groupe Slama , Groupe Hachicha … The government liberalized prices, reduced tariffs, lowered debt-service-to-exports and debt-to-GDP ratios, and extended the average maturity of its $10 billion foreign debt. [89] Religious dances were influenced by Sufism but by the end of the 15th century, had progressively become Andalusian with their dances and urban music. Contrary to the pessimism of Albert Memmi, who predicted that Tunisian literature was sentenced to die young,[94] a high number of Tunisian writers are abroad including Abdelwahab Meddeb, Bakri Tahar, Mustapha Tlili, Hélé Béji or Mellah Fawzi. [57] Likewise, the sun is often represented with the crescent on ancient Punic artifacts and is associated with the ancient Punic religion, especially with the Sign of Tanit.[58]. [91], The Nuba, more rooted in popular practice, is linked to the dancers and the Kerkennah Djerba to a lesser extent. Agriculture - products: olives, grain, tomatoes, citrus fruit, sugar beets, dates, almonds. Louisiana Purchase. Economic links are closest with European countries, which dominate Tunisia's trade. "In fact, the Tunisian genetic distances to European samples are smaller than those to other North African groups. [33][34] Widespread discontent remained however, leading to the 2013–14 Tunisian political crisis. Today, the ethnic identity of Tunisians is the product of a centuries-long historical trajectory, with the Tunisian nation today being a junction of the Amazigh and Punic substratum, as well as Roman, Sicilian, Arab, Andalusian, Turkish, and French cultural and linguistic input. [68][69], Tunisian people are homogeneous in terms of language,[70] since nearly all of them speak Tunisian as their mother-tongue in addition to mastering French and/or Arabic. Maltese. The Hafsid dynasty used a similar flag during the Middle Ages, it consisted of a white crescent pointing upwards and a white five-pointed star but instead of featuring the red color it featured the yellow color. Toggle navigation. [71] The Tunisian language is built upon a significant Berber, Latin (African Romance)[72][73] and Neo-Punic[74][75] substratum, while its vocabulary is mostly derived from a morphological corruption of Arabic, French, Turkish, Italian and the languages of Spain. On 20 April 2012, U.S. Treasury Secretary[28] and Tunisian Finance Minister Houcine Dimassi signed a declaration of intent[29] to move forward on a U.S. loan guarantee for Tunisia. No it does not have any billionaires according to Forbes . Late Punic epigraphy: an introduction to the study of Neo-Punic and Latino- Punic inscriptions. Today’s infographic describes the world’s wealthiest billionaires under 35 years old. The Cambridge History of Islam (Vol. The festival gives priority to films from African and Middle-eastern countries. The overwhelming majority of Tunisians are of Berber descent.
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