The marshal wrote to Mathieu de Lesseps on 18 December 1830: "I have had the pleasure of meeting your son, who gives promise of sustaining with great credit the name he bears.". Ferdinand Marie, vicomte de Lesseps GCSI (French: [də lesɛps]; 19 November 1805 – 7 December 1894) was a French diplomat and later developer of the Suez Canal, which in 1869 joined the Mediterranean and Red Seas, substantially reducing sailing distances and times between Europe and East Asia. Print, portrait. He served in Tunis later with … On 7 November 1854 he landed at Alexandria; on the 30th of the same month Said Pasha signed the concession authorizing him to build the Suez Canal.[5]. French diplomat and maker of the Suez Canal, born at Versailles on the 19th of November 1805. Ferdinand de Lesseps est né le 19 novembre 1805 à Versailles. In 1873 he became interested in a project for uniting Europe and Asia by a railway to Mumbai, with a branch to Beijing. Built the Suez Canal. Lesseps steadily endeavored to keep out of politics. From the age of 18 years to 20 he was employed in the commissary department of the army. Long de 164 kilomètres, le Canal de Suez n'est "pas l'apanage d'une nation: (...) il appartient à une aspiration de l'humanité", lançait en 1864 Ferdinand de Lesseps… Because of this, Lesseps received a warm welcome from the viceroy and became good friends with his son, Said Pasha. « Quand je prononcerai le nom de Ferdinand de Lesseps, ce sera le signal de l’action. But even once work on digging the canal had begun, the controversy continued. Finally, the Sultan of Constantinople issued the firman sanctioning the company in 1865, and the following year Great Britain agreed to acknowledge its existence officially. At the head of the flotilla was the Eagle bearing the colours of France. [7], From 17 November 1899 to 23 December 1956, a monumental statue of Ferdinand de Lesseps by Emmanuel Frémiet stood at the entrance of the Suez Canal.[8][9]. He attempted to repeat this success with an effort to build a Panama Canal at sea level during the 1880s, but the project was devastated by epidemics of malaria and yellow fever in the area, as well as beset by financial problems, and the planned Lesseps Panama Canal was never completed. Lesseps was portrayed by Tyrone Power in the 1938 film Suez, with Loretta Young, a film which provoked complaints and legal action from Lesseps' family and the Egyptian government. We now transfer to you, Mr. Minister, this great statue and trust that it may forever stand the pledge of friendship between France and the Great Republic of the United States. His Family was long distinguished in the French diplomatic service. On croise en chemin, Ferdinand de Lesseps, l'impératrice Eugénie et Gamal Abdel Nasser. Un siècle et demi plus tard, le président Abdel Fattah al-Sissi veut y laisser sa marque en élargissant le canal de Suez. However the project ran into serious difficulties, principally of a diplomatic nature. Il fait le procès de Ferdinand de Lesseps –l’entrepreneur du percement du canal (inauguré en 1869) et de la Compagnie. – La Chênaie, (Guilly mellett), Indre megye, 1894.december 7.) Ferdinand Marie, Vicomte (English: Viscount) de Lesseps, GCSI (19 November 1805 – 7 December 1894) was the French developer of the Suez Canal, which joined the Mediterranean and Red Seas in 1869.He also tried to build a Panama Canal during the 1880s, but malaria and yellow fever was so bad that he gave up and the Panama Canal Company went bankrupt. In spite of England, the Ottoman government, the Viceroy and the Canal company appealed to Napoleon III as arbitrator to settle their differences. [3] While he was there an epidemic of plague broke out and lasted for two years, resulting in the deaths of more than a third of the inhabitants of Cairo and Alexandria. Creator of the Suez Canal. In 1853 he lost his wife and his son Ferdinand Victor at a few days' interval. Le Caire (AFP) - Au XIXe siècle, un Français, Ferdinand de Lesseps, convainc un souverain égyptien complexé par son obésité qu'un canal reliant la Méditerranée à la mer Rouge lui apporterait la gloire. Morny was opposed to de Lesseps who nonetheless was able to count on the support of Empress Eugénie, his second cousin. Lesseps was created on 30 August 1851 the 334th Commander and then the 200th Grand Cross of the Order of the Tower and Sword. A first scheme, initiated by Lesseps, was immediately drawn out by two French engineers who were in the Egyptian service, Louis Maurice Adolphe Linant de Bellefonds called "Linant Bey" and Mougel Bey. In 1842 he was sent to Barcelona, and soon afterwards promoted to the grade of consul general. Ferdinand de Lesseps est vice-consul de France à Alexandrie dès 1832. Ferdinand de Lesseps fut un diplomate et un administrateur français du 19 e siècle. Ferdinand de Lesseps has 31 books on Goodreads with 21 ratings. Ferdinand, sentenced to five years in prison in 1893, died the following year, ten years before the Panama Canal was opened under the aegis of the United States. His uncle was ennobled by King Louis XVI, and his father was made a count by Emperor Napoleon I. Saltar a navegación Saltar a la gueta. It was on this occasion that Gambetta bestowed upon him the title of "Le Grand Français". Lesseps was ordered to pay a fine and serve a prison sentence, but the latter was overturned by the Court of Cassation on the grounds that it had been more than three years since the crime was committed. Fortunately for Lesseps, Muhammad Ali, the viceroy of Egypt, owed his position in part to the recommendations made on his behalf to the French government by Mathieu de Lesseps, who was consul-general in Egypt when Ali was a colonel. At age 19, having studied law, he was appointed eleve-counsel to his uncle, then the French ambassador to Lisbon. However in 1878, on obtaining a concession from the Columbian government to build the Panama Canal, he embarked upon a new and high-risk venture. Towards the close of the year 1837 he returned to France, and on 21 December married Agathe Delamalle (1819–1853), daughter of the government prosecuting attorney at the court of Angers. Jan 30, 2015 - Charles de Lesseps, son of Ferdinand, in 1887, which was part of the management of the Universal Company of the Suez Canal. On television, Guy Marchand played Lesseps in the 1983 French/German mini-series L'homme de Suez, and John Walters portrayed him in "The Panama Canal", an episode of the 2003 BBC docu-drama series Seven Wonders of the Industrial World.[14]. The same year, he became a member of the French Academy of Sciences. Find out more. Following his first major assignment, as French consul to Morocco, de Lesseps was posted, in 1800, as liaison to the Egyptian Army and as superintendent of trade relations. After being slightly modified, the plan was adopted in 1856 by the civil engineers constituting the International Commission for the piercing of the isthmus of Suez. Whether you are a private individual or a company, if you are a tax payer in France, you get tax benefits on donations to the Fondation Napoléon. Ferdinand, vicomte de Lesseps , né à Versailles le 19 novembre 1805 et mort à La Chesnaye près de Guilly (Indre) le 7 décembre 1894, est un diplomate et entrepreneur français. In 1832 Lesseps was appointed vice-consul at Alexandria. It was completed in 1914.[1]. Cité par Yves Laissus, Jomard, le der 2 En 1855, alors que Ferdinand de Lesseps venait d’être autorisé par le vice-roi Saïd-Pacha à former une compagnie pour la construction du canal de Suez, Jomard confia à Enfantin : « Ce que nous devons déplorer, c’est le temps perdu. Ferdinand de Lesseps měl 17 dětí se dvěma manželkami, poslední dítě měl ve věku 78 let. Lesseps was appointed President of the Panama Canal Company, despite the fact that he had reached the age of 74. His first years were spent in Italy, where his father was occupied with his consular duties. He had a sister, Adélaïde de Lesseps (1803–1879), married to Jules Tallien de Cabarrus (19 April 1801 – 1870), and two brothers, Théodore de Lesseps (Cádiz, 25 September 1802 – Saint-Germain-en-Laye, 20 May 1874), married in 1828 to Antonia Denois (Paris, 27 September 1802 – Paris, 29 December 1878), and Jules de Lesseps (Pisa, 16 February 1809 – Paris, 10 October 1887), married on 11 March 1874 to Hyacinthe Delarue. [10], In June 1880, Lesseps gave a speech in Liverpool where he was able to find support from a Captain Peacock, who felt the canal project was worth supporting as it would provide routes to save time.[11]. “Among the dozens of dossiers delivered every day to the Emperor’s cabinet, many were accompanied by…. » Lorsqu’il arriva, le matin du 24 juillet 1956, dans le petit village de Mostarod, à 8 km au nord du Caire, pour inaugurer un nouveau pipe-line venant de Suez et la raffinerie qu’il devait alimenter, Gamal Abdel Nasser était dans une fureur noire. Ultimately, in 1904 the United States bought out the assets of the Company and resumed work under a revised plan. Nevét a Szuezi-csatorna, majd a Panama-csatorna építésében vállalt szerepe tette ismertté. Canal de Suez Le Canal de Suez est un ouvrage d'art situé en Égypte, long de 190,25 km, large de 280 m à 345 m et profond de 22,5 m, qui relie, via trois lacs naturels, la ville portuaire de Port-Saïd sur la mer Méditerranée et la ville de Suez sur le Golfe de Suez (partie septentrionale de la mer Rouge), permettant ainsi de relier les deux mers. This work struck Lesseps's imagination, and was one of the influences that gave him the idea of constructing a canal across the African isthmus. In the course of the raid and seizure of the canal by Egypt, the statue of Lesseps at the entrance of the Suez Canal was removed from its pedestal, to symbolize the end of European ownership of the waterway. His father worked in Italy when Ferdinand was a little boy and thus he spent his initial years there. Further issues of securities made it possible for work to continue, after it had been slowed down by a cholera epidemic. He was buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris. Ferdinand de Lesseps’s most popular book is History of the Suez Canal. In the course of a bloody insurrection in Catalonia, which ended in the bombardment of Barcelona, de Lesseps offered protection to a number of men threatened by the fighting regardless of their factional sympathies or nationalities. But, during negotiations, the elections in France caused a change in the foreign policy of the government – Alexis de Tocqueville replaced the previous foreign minister. The statue now stands in a small garden of the Port Fuad shipyard. Lesseps was also entrusted by his father with missions to Marshal Count Bertrand Clausel, general-in-chief of the army of occupation in Algeria. Ce dernier projet fit perdre tant d'argent aux actionnaires que le promoteur fut condamné à cinq ans de prison, peine qu'il ne purgea pas en raison de son grand âge (88 ans) et de son état de santé précaire. The Egyptian government thus subscribed for eighty million francs worth of shares. On looking at Le Père's construction projects, de Lesseps was inspired with the idea of a canal linking the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. Ferdinand de Lesseps. Lesseps was similarly not deterred by the opinions entertained, in France as well as in England, that the sea in front of Port Said was full of mud which would obstruct the entrance to the canal, and that the sands from the desert would fill the trenches. However, the decision to dig a Panama Canal at sea level to avoid the use of locks, and the inability of contemporary medical science to deal with epidemics of malaria and yellow fever, doomed the project. Neither the opposition of Lord Palmerston, who considered the projected disturbance as too radical and a danger to the commercial position of Great Britain. He played an active role in assuring a successful outcome for the Suez Canal Company, for example when England bought up company shares owned by Ismail in 1879, or during the Arabi Pasha revolt in 1882, and managed to conclude a deal between the Company and British shipowners over rates payable on passage through the canal. De toute évidence, les Égyptiens oublient l'acte de Ferdinand de Lesseps pour retenir celui de Nasser. Il eut une réputation universelle et fut comblé d'honneurs. Finally, on 17 November 1869, the canal was officially opened by the Khedive, Ismail Pasha. Jeanne Marie Jacqueline du Bouays de La Bégassière (1907–1998), married to Jean de Contades (1902–1977; son of Jean de Contades and Rosa Augusta de los Dolores Guzmán y Zayas-Bazán), with issue: Yvonne de Contades (b. From this position he facilitated Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza's explorations, and acquired stations that Brazza subsequently abandoned to the French government. For more information on how to configure cookies, click here.. 1 Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal, Fonds Enfantin, Ms 7735, pièce 22. In 1956, the Suez Canal was at the center of … Born on November 19, 1805 in Versailles, France. Ferdinand de Lesseps et Saïd Pacha, souverain moderniste d’Égypte et petit-fils de Méhémet Ali qui a hérité des pouvoirs de son grand père, se lancent seuls dans l’aventure, qui se pour- suivra jusqu’en 1869 sous l’impulsion du Khédive Ismaïl Pacha, son neveu, qui lui succède en 1863. In the end, insufficient financial capital and financial corruption ended the project. À l’évocation de la Compagnie du canal de Suez, surgissent les figures de Ferdinand de Lesseps, du colonel Nasser ou encore de Claude François traversant le canal à la nage. LE CANAL DU XXe SIECLE. It was after all thanks to his energy, dynamism and negotiating skills, and his managing to find the support necessary to overcome all opposition, that this great work was accomplished. Le 26 juillet 1956 Gamal Abdel Nasser, président de la république égyptienne, annonce dans un discours prononcé à Alexandrie la décision de l’Égypte de nationaliser immédiatement la Compagnie du Canal de Suez. Ferdinand de Lesseps devient après ce succès l'homme le plus décoré d'Europe. Accusé de fraude et d’abus de confiance, Ferdinand de Lesseps fut condamné, avec son fils Charles, le 9 février 1893, à cinq ans de prison et 3 000 francs d'amende, mais en considération de son âge et de son état de santé le jugement ne lui fut pas signifié (la Cour de Cassation cassa le jugement le 15 juin 1894). chromolithograph. Ferdinand de Lesseps was born on November 19, 1805, in Versailles, Yvelines, to Mathieu de Lesseps and Catherine de Grévigné. New York: Doubleday, This page was last edited on 24 March 2021, at 10:12. Vicomte Ferdinand de Lesseps, född 19 november 1805 i Versailles, död 7 december 1894 på sitt gods Chesnaye, var en fransk diplomat, främst känd som skapare av Suezkanalen.. Biografi. V šedesáti čtyřech letech se znovu oženil. Sa statue trône sur la place de France à Panama avec son nom écrit de cette manière : Fernando Maria Vizconce de Lesseps. Ferdinand de Lesseps. Une expérience immersive. 1928), married on 27 January 1951 to Bernard, Count of Harcourt (1925–1958; son of, Antoine de Contades (b 1932), married on 15 November 1963 to Daphne Jean Jefferson, with issue. This was the first step to the Suez Canal's nationalization. The origins of Lesseps' family are traceable back as far as the end of the 14th century. By 1892 it emerged that 150 French deputies had been bribed into voting for the allocation of financial aid to the Panama Canal Company, and in February 1893 Lesseps, his son Charles (born 1849), and a number of others faced trial and were found guilty. Ferdinand de Lesseps devient après ce succès l'homme le plus décoré d'Europe. The consolidation of interests which resulted, and which was strengthened by the addition in 1884 of seven more British directors, chosen from among shipping merchants and business men, increased, for the benefit of all concerned, the commercial character of the enterprise. Et, par là même, d'éviter de transporter par voie terrestre les marchandises entre la Méditerranée et la mer Rouge. From 1848 to 1849 he was minister of France at Madrid. He listened to no adverse criticism and receded before no obstacle. Le 30 novembre 1854, Saïd Pacha signe une concession de 99 ans autorisant le diplomate français Ferdinand de Lesseps, son ancien professeur d’équitation, à percer l’isthme de Suez. © Fondation Napoléon 2021 ISSN 2272-1800. Ferdinand, who was schooled at the Collège Henri-IV and then studied law, took up a career in the diplomatic service in his turn. During this time Lesseps went from one city to the other with zeal and energy. Ferdinand Marie, visconde de Lesseps (Versalhes, 19 de novembro de 1805 — La Chesnaye, Guilly, 7 de dezembro de 1894), na maior parte das vezes referido como Ferdinand de Lesseps, foi um diplomata e empresário francês. His father, Mathieu de Lesseps (Hamburg, 4 May 1774 – Tunis, 28 December 1832), was in the consular service; his mother, Catherine de Grévigné (Málaga, 11 June 1774 – Paris, 27 January 1853), was Spanish on her mother's side, and aunt of the countess of Montijo, mother of the Empress Eugénie. If in 1869 he appeared to deviate from this principle by being a candidate at Marseille for the Corps Législatif, it was because he yielded to the entreaties of the Imperial government in order to strengthen its goodwill for the Suez Canal. After two years of surveys, work on the canal began in 1882. The Compagnie universelle du canal maritime de Suez was organized at the end of 1858. Upon Abbas' assassination in 1854, Lesseps, made inquiries with a former, if short-term, acquaintance and successor in Egypt, Said Pasha. LESSEPS, FERDINAND-MARIE DELESSEPS, FERDINAND-MARIE DE (1805–1894), French entrepreneur.Ferdinand-Marie de Lesseps oversaw the construction of the Suez Canal in Egypt, but failed in his attempt to build a canal across Panama. A presentation of about a hundred drawings and plans from the State Secretariat collection. The project was submitted to and passed by an international scientific commission, and preparatory exploration was begun immmediately. In Paris on November 25, 1869—a week after the opening of the Suez Canal—Lesseps married his second wife, who was a third his age. He tried to negotiate an agreement whereby Pope Pius could return peacefully to the Vatican but also ensuring the continued independence of Rome. These stations were the starting-point of French Congo. Dossier de presse Exposition L’ÉPOPÉE DU CANAL DE SUEZ.Des Pharaons au XXIe siècle 3 p.2 Editorial de Jack Lang, Président de l’IMA p.4 Un peu d’Histoire p.10 Les personnages qui ont fait l’histoire du Canal, par les commissaires Claude Mollard et Gilles Gauthier p.15 Parcours de l’exposition p.25 Autour de l’exposition p.33 Le Prix pour la création contemporaine arabe 2018 From the middle of the 18th century the ancestors of Lesseps followed diplomatic careers, and he himself occupied several diplomatic posts from 1825 to 1849. Geographical and financial difficulties along with the opposition of the United States brought about the failure of the project, ending in a serious political and financial scandal (1888-1892). Encouraged by the engineers' approval, Lesseps no longer allowed anything to stop him.
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